Avión RC Arduino | 100% bricolaje

Para solucionar esto, agregué una función al programa a través de la cual podemos controlar la capacidad de respuesta de los controles usando el potenciómetro derecho en el transmisor. Además, agregué una función a través de la cual podemos ajustar el timón usando el potenciómetro izquierdo.

Código de avión Arduino RC

Finalmente, echemos un vistazo al código Arduino de este avión RC basado en Arduino y concluyamos este proyecto. El código es exactamente el mismo que el explicado en el tutorial anterior, para controlar servos y motores sin escobillas usando los módulos transceptores NRF24L01.

Aquí está el código completo para este proyecto de avión Arduino RC:

/*
   Arduino RC Airplane
   == Receiver Code =
  by Dejan, www.HowToMechatronics.com
  Library: TMRh20/RF24, https://github.com/tmrh20/RF24/
*/
#include <SPI.h>
#include <nRF24L01.h>
#include <RF24.h>
#include <Servo.h>

#define led 9

RF24 radio(3, 2);   // nRF24L01 (CE, CSN)
const byte address[6] = "00001";
unsigned long lastReceiveTime = 0;
unsigned long currentTime = 0;

Servo throttle;  // create servo object to control the ESC
Servo rudderServo;
Servo elevatorServo;
Servo aileron1Servo;
Servo aileron2Servo;


int throttleValue, rudderValue, elevatorValue, aileron1Value, aileron2Value, travelAdjust;
// Max size of this struct is 32 bytes - NRF24L01 buffer limit
struct Data_Package {
  byte j1PotX;
  byte j1PotY;
  byte j1Button;
  byte j2PotX;
  byte j2PotY;
  byte j2Button;
  byte pot1;
  byte pot2;
  byte tSwitch1;
  byte tSwitch2;
  byte button1;
  byte button2;
  byte button3;
  byte button4;
};
Data_Package data; //Create a variable with the above structure
void setup() {
  Serial.begin(9600);
  radio.begin();
  radio.openReadingPipe(0, address);
  radio.setAutoAck(false);
  radio.setDataRate(RF24_250KBPS);
  radio.setPALevel(RF24_PA_MAX);
  radio.startListening(); //  Set the module as receiver
  resetData();
  throttle.attach(10);
  rudderServo.attach(4);   // CH1
  elevatorServo.attach(5); // CH2
  aileron1Servo.attach(6); // CH3
  aileron2Servo.attach(7); // CH4
  pinMode(led, OUTPUT);    // CH6
}
void loop() {
  // Check whether we keep receving data, or we have a connection between the two modules
  currentTime = millis();
  if ( currentTime - lastReceiveTime > 1000 ) { // If current time is more then 1 second since we have recived the last data, that means we have lost connection
    resetData(); // If connection is lost, reset the data. It prevents unwanted behavior, for example if a drone jas a throttle up, if we lose connection it can keep flying away if we dont reset the function
  }
  // Check whether there is data to be received
  if (radio.available()) {
    radio.read(&data, sizeof(Data_Package)); // Read the whole data and store it into the 'data' structure
    lastReceiveTime = millis(); // At this moment we have received the data
  }

  // Controlling throttle - brushless motor with ESC
  throttleValue = constrain(data.j1PotY, 80, 255); // Joysticks stays in middle. So we only need values the upper values from 130 to 255
  throttleValue = map(throttleValue, 80, 255, 1000, 2000);
  throttle.writeMicroseconds(throttleValue);

  // Adjusting the servos responsiveness
  travelAdjust = map(data.pot2, 0, 255, 0, 25);  
  
  // Elevator control
  elevatorValue = map(data.j2PotY, 0, 255, (85 - travelAdjust), (35 + travelAdjust));
  elevatorServo.write(elevatorValue);
  
  // Ailerons control
  aileron1Value = map(data.j2PotX, 0, 255, (10 + travelAdjust), (80 - travelAdjust));
  aileron1Servo.write(aileron1Value);
  aileron2Servo.write(aileron1Value);

  // Rudder trimming function
  if (data.j1PotX > 127) {
    rudderValue = data.pot1 + (data.j1PotX - 127);
  }
  if (data.j1PotX < 127) {
    rudderValue = data.pot1 - (127 - data.j1PotX);
  }
  // Rudder control
  rudderValue = map(rudderValue, 0, 255, (10 + travelAdjust), (90 - travelAdjust));
  rudderServo.write(rudderValue);

  // Monitor the battery voltage
  int sensorValue = analogRead(A3);
  float voltage = sensorValue * (5.00 / 1023.00) * 3; // Convert the reading values from 5v to suitable 12V i
  // If voltage is below 11V turn on the LED
  if (voltage < 11) {
    digitalWrite(led, HIGH);
  }
  else {
    digitalWrite(led, LOW);
  }
}
void resetData() {
  // Reset the values when there is no radio connection - Set initial default values
  data.j1PotX = 127;
  data.j1PotY = 80; // Motors stops // the central point of the joystick is not starting point for the throttle, its at value of 80 instead of 127
  data.j2PotX = 127;
  data.j2PotY = 127;
  data.j1Button = 1;
  data.j2Button = 1;
  data.pot1 = 1;
  data.pot2 = 1;
  data.tSwitch1 = 1;
  data.tSwitch2 = 1;
  data.button1 = 1;
  data.button2 = 1;
  data.button3 = 1;
  data.button4 = 1;
}Code language: Arduino (arduino)

Description: I will just quickly explain the main functions of the code and for all other details you can check the previous tutorial. So, after receiving the data coming from the transmitter, we use the Joystick1 Y axis value for controlling the throttle of the airplane. We convert the values from 80 to 255 coming from the transmitter into values from 1000 to 2000 which are used for controlling the brushless motor.

For controlling the elevator, we use the Joystick2 Y axis value which we convert to values from 85 to 35. These values directly set the position of the servo motor in degrees. Right next to them we can note that we have the travelAdjust variables, which value depends on the position of the right potentiometer. We actually use that value to decrease the position or the movement of the servos although the joysticks will go to their maximum position.

The same principle is applied for controlling the ailerons and the rudder.  Additionally, we use the data from the left potentiometer to adjust the neutral point of the rudder.

Lastly, using the analogRead() function and some math we control the battery voltage indicator LED.

So that’s it. I would like to hear your thoughts about this project in the comments section below, especially from you who have experience with building and flying RC airplanes. For those who are beginners and thinking of getting into this, I would suggest to check the FliteTest YouTube channel because it’s an amazing resource for learning about this RC world. I will put a link to it in the description.

I hope you enjoyed this project and learned something new. Feel free to ask any question in the comments section below and don’t forget to check my Arduino Projects Collection.